Association Between Hemoglobin and Major Adverse Cardiac Events: A Secondary Analysis from A Retrospective Cohort Study

This study aims to investigate the association between hemoglobin and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) who were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).This was a secondary analysis based on a retrospective cohort study involving 204 patients with stable CAD. Patients were divided into four groups according to hemoglobin levels (Q1: 6.90-12.30 g/dL; Q2: 12.40-13.80 g/dL; Q3: 13.90-14.90 g/dL; Q4: 15.00-19.00 g/dL). Lasso regression analysis was performed to select characteristic variables and reduce dimensions. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for comparing data among groups.After an average follow-up of 783 days, 28/204 (17.72%) patients with CAD developed MACE. Univariate analysis data showed that hemoglobin level was negatively associated with the incidence of MACE in patients with CAD treated with PCI (Q2 vs Q1: OR=0.19, P=0.005; Q3 vs Q1: OR=0.25, P=0.013; Q4 vs Q1: OR=0.13, P=0.002). The negative correlation between hemoglobin and MACE still existed after adjusting selected variables obtained from multivariate regression analysis (Q2 vs Q1: OR= 0.18, P=0.007; Q3 vs Q1: OR=0.29, P=0.038; Q4 vs Q1: OR=0.19, P=0.016). Curve fitting illustrated that hemoglobin level presented a non-linear and negative association with MACE in patients with CAD treated with PCI.Hemoglobin level can be utilized as a prognostic indicator of MACE in patients with CAD after PCI.