Development of the Persian Version of the Integrative Hope Scale: A Review of Psychometric Indices

Abstract Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to prepare a Persian version of the Integrated Hope Scale along with examining its reliability and validity. Methods: Therefore, 230 Master’s and Ph.D. students of the Tarbiat Modares University were selected, 10 participants for each item (total: 23 items). The convenience sampling method was used in the study, and participants filled out the translated version of the Integrated Hope Scale (IHS), General Health Scale (GHS), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Factor analysis, face and content validity, as well as the convergent and divergent validity, were used to assess the overall validity of the questionnaire. Results: Results of the factor analysis, that was performed using the parallel analysis method, confirmed that there were four factors in the scale: trust and confidence, lack of vision, positive orientation towards the future, and social communication and personal values. These four factors were similar to those in the original scale. The split-half method showed that the reliability of the scale was 0.83, and the internal consistency index (Cronbach's alpha) indicated that the validity of the total scale was 0.72 and that of the subscales ranged from 0.74 to 0.84. Conclusion: Based on these results, it seems that the IHS enjoys good validity and reliability and has the necessary adequacy to be used in future studies.