电导率
流动电池
材料科学
膜
薄膜复合膜
聚酰胺
选择性
复合数
电流密度
导电体
功率密度
电池(电)
光电子学
化学工程
复合材料
化学
功率(物理)
有机化学
催化作用
物理化学
反渗透
工程类
物理
量子力学
生物化学
作者
Qing Dai,Zhiqiang Liu,Ling Huang,Chao Wang,Yuyue Zhao,Qiang Fu,Anmin Zheng,Huamin Zhang,Xianfeng Li
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-13704-2
摘要
Abstract A membrane with both high ion conductivity and selectivity is critical to high power density and low-cost flow batteries, which are of great importance for the wide application of renewable energies. The trade-off between ion selectivity and conductivity is a bottleneck of ion conductive membranes. In this paper, a thin-film composite membrane with ultrathin polyamide selective layer is found to break the trade-off between ion selectivity and conductivity, and dramatically improve the power density of a flow battery. As a result, a vanadium flow battery with a thin-film composite membrane achieves energy efficiency higher than 80% at a current density of 260 mA cm −2 , which is the highest ever reported to the best of our knowledge. Combining experiments and theoretical calculation, we propose that the high performance is attributed to the proton transfer via Grotthuss mechanism and Vehicle mechanism in sub-1 nm pores of the ultrathin polyamide selective layer.
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