Dynamic low-frequency fluctuations of resting brain in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition whose mechanism is not completely understood. However, it has been consistently found that regions within the Default Mode Network have an important role in the dysfunctional brain activity. The objective of this study was to use a dynamic brain approach for the analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from subjects with typical development and subjects with ADHD, and to compare it with the static approach. In the current study we computed the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations in the 0.01 to 0.08 Hz frequency band within the Default Mode Network regions. Statistically significant differences between typical development and ADHD subjects were found, where more regions revealed a differential behavior between groups when performing the dynamic approach. Results indicated that the dynamic approach provides complementary explanation of brain function, compared to the static analysis, and allows to access information concerning temporal behavior by looking at each window.