而量子蒙特卡罗
统计物理学
量子
物理
自旋(空气动力学)
海森堡模型
蒙特卡罗方法
量子相变
磁性
反铁磁性
量子力学
数学
热力学
统计
出处
期刊:Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols
日期:2010-01-01
被引量:310
摘要
These lecture notes introduce quantum spin systems and several computational methods for studying their ground‐state and finite‐temperature properties. Symmetry‐breaking and critical phenomena are first discussed in the simpler setting of Monte Carlo studies of classical spin systems, to illustrate finite‐size scaling at continuous and first‐order phase transitions. Exact diagonalization and quantum Monte Carlo (stochastic series expansion) algorithms and their computer implementations are then discussed in detail. Applications of the methods are illustrated by results for some of the most essential models in quantum magnetism, such as the S = 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet in one and two dimensions, as well as extended models useful for studying quantum phase transitions between antiferromagnetic and magnetically disordered states.
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