The present review is dedicated to the analysis of molecular mechanisms of intracellular transport in eukaryotes. The different types of transport and intracellular metabolic pathways are described. The role of different cellular structures in various processes of intracellular traffic is outlined. The diversity and functional features of transport pathways are revealed. The process of intracellular transport of molecular cargo in different types of cells was described. Special attention is paid to transport processes in plant cell. The roles of cytoskeleton elements in intracellular transport are discussed. The discussion about further direction of transport mechanisms study was perfomed.