Based on the theory of phased array, the mechanism and composition of phased array system were described for the development of phased array ultrasonic nondestructive testing(NDT) system. Stress was laid on the design of array element, precise control of phase, analog and digital signal processing and ultrasonic imaging. Preliminary test and study showed that phased array ultrasonic system was better in signal-to-noise ratio, more sensitive to defects, wider in testing range and higher in working efficiency than conventional single element ultrasonic testing system.