A highly sensitive and selective hybrid of molecularly imprinted poly(9H-carbazole-9-ethanamine) and porous CoZn-NC polyhedral nanocages for electrochemical detection of uric acid in plasma sample

A novel monomer, 9H-carbazole-9-ethanamine, was prepared in this study to prepare a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) on porous Co/Zn embedded N-doped carbon (CoZn-NC) material for the purpose of detecting uric acid (UA). The electro-polymerization of the carbazole derivatives obtained by introducing an amino group onto the rigid structure of the carbazole conjugate led to the creation of a polymer with a significant number of amino groups. This increased the number of binding sites available for the UA template and enhanced the selectivity of the sensor. Additionally, porous CoZn-NC polyhedral nanocages were used as the substrate material for the MIP sensor, which enhanced the sensing performance through a highly conductive sensing interface and an efficient UA catalytic capacity. The preparation conditions for the MIP@CoZn-NC were optimized to achieve high sensitivity in the detection of UA using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The detection range of UA is 1 to 300 μM using this method, and it exhibits good selectivity for compounds with similar structures. The developed sensor was successfully used to detect UA in rat plasma, with a recovery rate of 91.8% to 103.7%, demonstrating its potential for biomedical applications.