Advances in intravascular lithotripsy: mechanisms, devices, and clinical applications

IVL offers a safe, effective, and innovative approach to treating calcified lesions while preserving surrounding tissues. However, the current evidence, mainly derived from industry-funded studies, is limited by heterogeneous calcification classifications and a lack of long-term outcome data. Independent research is essential to define IVL's role in PAD treatment algorithms, especially regarding its cost-effectiveness and long-term primary patency outcomes.