Factors Impacting Live Birth Probability After In Vitro Fertilisation and Embryo Transfer in Women With Endometrial Cancer Following Conservative Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to elucidate the factors influencing live birth outcomes following in vitro fertilisation/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) after conservative therapy in women with early‐stage endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). Design Single‐centre retrospective cohort study. Setting Reproductive Center, Peking University Third Hospital. Population One hundred and seventeen women with Stage IA EEC who received conservative treatment and achieved complete remission. Methods Medical records from our database were retrospectively analysed. Main Outcome Measures Cumulative live births and endometrial cancer recurrence rates. Results The cumulative live birth rate of women who underwent controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) was significantly higher than in those who did not (43.7% vs. 20.0%; p = 0.021), whereas the endometrial cancer recurrence rate was similar (26.1% vs. 30%; p = 0.812). Of 87 patients who received COS cycles, 71 underwent embryo transfer, of which 38 resulted in live birth and 33 did not. There was a significant association between live births and both endometrial thickness (odds ratio [OR] 1.753, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.174–2.616, p = 0.006) and the number of transferable embryos (OR 1.270, 95% CI 1.017–1.587, p = 0.035). Conclusions The chances of successful live births following IVF/ICSI‐ET are encouraging for women diagnosed with EEC. Endometrial thickness and the number of transferable embryos are crucial factors associated with the success rate of live births in women with EEC undergoing IVF‐ET.