A Review on Techniques and Challenges of Energy Harvesting from Ambient Sources

Energy harvesting is a process of generating energy from various ambient sources. Vibration energy harvesting has been a dynamic field of studying interest over the past decade due to the mitigation of power crisis from society. To harvest electrical energy various energy harvesting techniques have arisen. Vibration energy harvesting has been focused by researchers due to the power generation capability and high power density of vibration. Energy is crucial for stimulating sensor nodes, Sensor networks, low-power electronics and traffic regulators. As a matter of fact, the number of research on energy harvesting from vibration has increased in the last decade. This paper presents a magnificent review on various energy harvesting techniques, energy harvesting sources, state-of-the art and various challenges of vibration energy harvesting. In the theory section various renewable energy sources, energy conversion and their introduction have been presented. In the third section various energy harvesting techniques for example mechanical vibrations, electromagnetic, piezoelectric and electrostatic have been discussed. Third section has explained various challenges of energy harvesting. In the conclusion, the author tried to explain the comparison among the harvesting techniques. Finally it can be said that, all of the things such as ambient renewable sources, energy harvesting techniques and facing challenges are crucial for new coming researchers in the energy harvesting field to solve the energy exigency from the society.