Structure design and implementation of a high stability semi-submersible optical buoy for marine environment observation

Marine optical buoys are recognized as highly effective technical means for obtaining long-term continuous ocean optical observation data for on-orbit ocean color satellite radiometric calibration and remote sensing product validation. The high stability of a buoy's body structure is a crucial factor for marine optical buoys to operate in complex environments, such as in the presence of wind, waves, and currents. In this study, we propose a highly stable self-counterweight transverse-tethered semi-submersible buoy structure achieved through buoy structure design, mooring system design, mechanical analysis and numerical simulation analysis, and transverse-tethered point analysis. The novel buoy design underwent a marine environment adaptability test, demonstrating an improved ability to resist wind and waves while also greatly reducing the difficulty and cost of design and deployment. In-situ verification showed that the buoy's swing angle was better than ±10° under a 3–4 level sea state, meeting marine optical buoy requirements and proving the new buoy design suitable for harsh and complex marine conditions.