The diverse technical choices during the implantation of the totally implantable venous access ports: A review

Although the implantation of the totally implantable venous access ports globally is increasingly sophisticated, there is still a dearth of absolute standardization in the technical choice of each surgical step, with numerous technologies demonstrating significant applicability. This review comprehensively summarizes the diverse choices of implantation procedural techniques related to the pocket location, vein access, port specification, catheterization method, puncture guidance, single-incision technique, catheter tip positioning method, port fixation, skin closure, and first-use period. The aim is to provide surgeons with alternative options when they encounter different problems in each procedure due to the diverse clinical characteristics of patients during venous port implantation.