间充质干细胞
旁分泌信号
肌腱
微泡
再生(生物学)
干细胞
细胞外基质
细胞生物学
癌症研究
趋化因子
医学
免疫学
生物
炎症
病理
小RNA
内科学
受体
基因
生物化学
作者
Li Jiang,Jingwei Lu,Yixuan Chen,Kexin Lyu,Longhai Long,Xiaoqiang Wang,Tianzhu Liu,Sen Li
标识
DOI:10.3892/ijmm.2023.5273
摘要
Tendon injury is a common disorder of the musculoskeletal system caused by overuse or trauma. With increasing incidence of tendon injuries, it is necessary to find an effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attracting attention because of their high proliferative and self‑renewal capacity. These functions of MSCs show promise in treating a variety of diseases, including immune and musculoskeletal system disorder and cardiovascular disease, and show especially satisfactory effects in the treatment of tendon injury. First, since MSCs have multidirectional differentiation potential, they differentiate into specific cells after induction in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, MSCs have paracrine functions and can secrete biologically active molecules and exosomes such as cytokines, growth factors and chemokines to promote tissue repair and regeneration. In tendon injury, MSCs promote tendon repair through four mechanisms: Decreasing inflammation and promoting neovascularization and cell proliferation and differentiation. They are also involved in extracellular matrix reorganization by promoting collagen production and transforming type III collagen fibers to type I collagen fibers. The present review summarized preclinical experiments with different sources of MSCs and their mechanisms in tendon repair, as well as the limitations of MSCs in current clinical applications and directions that need to be explored in the future.
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