HPV Vaccination for the Prevention of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A sexually active 18-year-old woman presents to her internist for an annual examination and asks whether she should receive the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. HPV causes cervical cancer. Currently available vaccines provide protection against some but not all oncogenic genotypes of the virus if the recipient has not previously been infected. Regular cervical-cancer screening is still required for vaccine recipients.