差示扫描量热法
热重分析
傅里叶变换红外光谱
高分子化学
聚合
化学
核化学
热分解
有机化学
玻璃化转变
化学工程
材料科学
聚合物
工程类
物理
热力学
作者
Mohamed Gamal Mohamed,Chia-Jung Li,Mo Aqib Raza Khan,Chih‐Chuang Liaw,Kan Zhang,Shiao‐Wei Kuo
出处
期刊:Macromolecules
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2022-04-06
卷期号:55 (8): 3106-3115
被引量:42
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00417
摘要
Although bio-based benzoxazines (BZs) have been explored widely as sustainable thermosetting resins, few high-performance BZs have been prepared completely from natural renewable resources. In this study we synthesized a fully bio-based multifunctional bisbenzoxazine (AP-fa-BZ) in high yield and purity from apigenin (AP), furfurylamine (fa), and benzaldehyde by using both solvent and solventless approaches. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed the chemical structure of AP-fa-BZ. We then used dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis, and in situ FTIR spectroscopy to examine the thermal characteristics of AP-fa-BZ before and after its ring-opening polymerization (ROP). DSC revealed that the temperature required for the formation of poly(AP-fa-BZ) through ROP (236.3 °C) was significantly lower than that of a typical 4-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazine (Pa-type) monomer due to the positive catalytic effect of the phenolic OH groups in the AP structure. After thermal polymerization at 250 °C, the resulting poly(AP-fa-BZ) possessed a high thermal decomposition temperature (Td10 = 395 °C), a high char yield (52 wt %), and a high glass transition temperature (Tg = 283 °C). Contact angle measurements revealed the tunable surface properties of AP-fa-BZ. Finally, the AP-fa-BZ resin functioned as an antibacterial agent against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
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