A 60-V High-Side / In-Line Instrumentation Amplifier With 54-V/ μ s CM Transient Tolerance and 115-dB Dynamic Range

A high-voltage instrumentation amplifier (HV-IA) is proposed for high-side/in-line current sensing. To achieve low noise and high common-mode (CM) transient tolerance, the IA uses an HV transient-tailored (HV-TT) PMOS input pair with a bidirectional transient shifter (BTS) in the input chopper, achieving 54-V/$\mu $s CM transient tolerance (17–37-V CM step) and a wide static input CM voltage range of 0.7–56.3 V. The CM-dependent gain error, caused by the input CM voltage variations, is minimized to 0.4% through a segmented gain adjustment (SGA) technique. Moreover, an automatic gain control (AGC) loop extends the current sensing range, achieving a 115-dB cross-scale dynamic range (DR). Implemented in a 0.18-$\mu $m BCD process, the HV-IA exhibits 19-nV/$\surd $Hz input-referred noise, 140-dB CM rejection ratio (CMRR), and 10-$\mu $V input offset, while consuming$305~\mu $A from a 60/4.2-V dual supply.