Preparation of Biomass Carbon Materials and Their Several Typical Applications

In this chapter, “Preparation of Biomass Carbon Materials and Their Several Typical Applications,” we delve into the realm of transforming biomass waste into valuable carbon materials. The scope encompasses a comprehensive overview of various biomass sources, highlighting their abundance and renewability as precursors. We explore diverse preparation methods, ranging from traditional pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization to more advanced techniques like chemical activation and templating that convert these wastes into high-performance carbon materials. Furthermore, the chapter showcases several typical applications of these biomass-derived carbon materials, emphasizing their potential in energy storage, catalysis, environmental remediation, and even as advanced materials in electronics and sensors. The discussion also touches upon the critical aspect of structure–activity relationships, elucidating how the physicochemical properties of the carbon materials govern their functional performance in different applications. Overall, this chapter aims to provide a holistic understanding of the transformation of biomass waste into valuable carbon materials and their diverse utilization paths, fostering sustainable development and circular economy practices.