Three-layer sandwich-like drug-loaded nanofibers of insulin, titanium oxide Nanotubes and Nitroglycerin as a promising wound healing candidate

In the human body, the skin is the first defensive layer against external pathogens, and all injuries to the skin can be disastrous. Polymeric nanofibers have widely been used in most of the recent studies. According to the statistics, these fibers are among the best alternatives to traditional wound healers. In fact, nanofibers facilitate drug delivery to wounds because of their many advantages over traditional wound dressings such as the non-toxic high surface-to-volume ratio. They also boost the ability to carry and deliver drugs to a wound. The electrospinning method was used in this study to synthesize a three-layer wound dressing containing insulin drugs as a regeneration agent, nitroglycerin as an anti-inflammatory agent, and titanium oxide nanotubes as an antibacterial agent in the layers consisting of two polymers of polyvinylpyrrolidone and polylactic acid. For this purpose, titanium oxide nanotubes were first fabricated, and polymer nanofibers were then synthesized. The manufacturing parameters were also optimized. The in vitro analysis was conducted on the drugs and additives after they were added. • Three-layer sandwich structure were fabricated as an efficient wound dressing system. • Insulin, Titanium oxide Nanotubes and Nitroglycerin were loaded in nanofiber layers. • The fabricated drug delivery system demonstrated significant antibacterial properties. • Three-layer sandwich structure conducted a sustain release profile of insulin. • Multilayer drug loading improved the flexibility and mechanical stability of the mats.