Intelligent and virtualized transformation of the enterprise requires employees to undertake both technological breakthroughs and in-depth development, two innovative activities that seem to compete for resources. How employees, guided by algorithmically integrated decision-making, utilize massive information and technology to catalyze creativity in this path is not yet known. Based on research data from 198 corporate innovators, the enabling mechanisms of human-machine collaborative decision-making for dualistic innovations are examined. The study finds that: human-machine collaborative decision-making positively promotes both exploratory innovations and exploitative innovations; human-machine collaborative decision-making stimulates both types of dualistic innovations by enhancing the level of human-machine trust among employees; and corporate innovation culture positively moderates the direct effect of human-machine collaborative decision-making on dualistic innovations. The findings broaden the application of human-machine cooperation theory in the field of management and provide new ideas for enterprises to accurately identify employees’ attitudes and tendencies towards human-machine cooperation and formulate targeted strategies to stimulate dualistic innovations.