GTS-21 alleviates sepsis-induced atrial fibrillation susceptibility by modulating macrophage polarization and Neuregulin-1 secretion

GTS-21 mitigated atrial inflammation and reduced the incidence of AF in mice with sepsis by regulating macrophage polarization, reducing oxidative stress, and preserving mitochondrial and calcium dynamics in cardiomyocytes. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of GTS-21 in treating sepsis-induced AF.