Mechanisms, development, and applications of silicon-based anodes in solid state batteries

This review focuses on the application of silicon-based materials in high-energy-density solid state batteries (SSBs), systematically organizing major research progress in SSBs centered on silicon-based anodes. The article reviews the technological development pathways in this field, analyzes the electrochemical processes, structural evolution behavior, and failure mechanisms of silicon-based anodes in solid-state batteries, and summarizes the research status of polymer solid electrolytes (PSEs), oxide solid state electrolytes (OSSEs), sulfide solid state electrolytes (SSSEs), halide solid state electrolytes (HSSEs), and composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) in silicon-based anode systems. It also proposes targeted potential future research directions. Finally, the commercial prospects of silicon-based anode solid-state batteries are discussed, aiming to provide insights for the strategic design of advanced silicon-based solid-state batteries and to offer clear theoretical and practical guidance for the development of high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LiBs).