Interlayer-bridged dual-channel 2D MOF membranes for ultra-stable ion sieving in extreme environments

). In addition, hierarchical nanochannels increase water permeability 16.7-fold over pristine GO while mitigating compaction-induced performance loss. By addressing pore irregularity, chemical instability, and mechanical fragility through the synthesis design itself, this approach offers a scalable, robust platform for MOF membranes operating in extreme environments.