Exploring new therapeutic drugs for osteoarthritis and osteoporosis: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: A review

As the 2 most common diseases of bone and joint, osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP) have a high incidence. The two diseases are often accompanied in clinical practice, affecting the health and quality of life of patients, but the relationship is complex. So far, there are no very effective drugs for the treatment of both diseases, so it is very meaningful to search for drugs that are suitable for OA and OP. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), as a type of enterotropic insulin, has hypoglycemic and weight loss effects. Recently, the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) on OA and OP have attracted more and more attention. This review aims to summarize the mechanism of GLP-1RA affecting bone metabolism in OA and OP, such as anti-inflammatory, affecting chondrocyte matrix metabolism, analgesia, promoting bone formation, inhibiting bone resorption, and reducing fracture incidence, to provide new methods for drug treatment of OA and OP.