Rhizome growth characteristics of Chimonbambusa hejiangensis affected the quality of shoots instantly.The rhizome growth rules were studied in this paper.The results showed that the rhizome of chimonbambusa hejiangensis was mainly distributed in the depth of 0~25cm in soil,especially in 5~10cm.The rhizome angle,diameter at half of one rhizome and the rhizome length were significantly different between the clones.The more rhizomes grew in a short-term when the underground stems grew to a certain length.Meanwhile it was also found that the temperature and rainfall in June to September were the limiting factors of rhizome growth.