Biological Energy Based on the Principles of Photosynthesis from Basic Theory to Energy Application

The global climate and environmental problems caused by increasing consumption of fossil fuels have greatly accelerated the development of new technologies for clean and sustainable energy based on solar energy.How to harness solar energy and transform it efficiently to energy forms which can be used directly by the mankind has long been the most basic scientific problem of global concern.In the history of science and technology,it is common that imitating the nature often inspires new technologies.For example,inspired by imitating the flight of birds,the mankind has created the aeroplanes within less than a century.The most effective process of harnessing solar energy is the photosynthesis,which has reached its perfection in nature after over 3.5 billion years evolution.Photosynthesis is the most effective process to harness,transport and convert solar energy into chemical energy.Photosynthesis happens in chloroplast where occur a serious of activities,e.g.,harnessing solar energy,splitting water and produce oxygen and carbohydrates.This observation has caused the inspiration that it is possible for the mankind to imitate photosynthesis and to harness and transform solar energy effectively.The article has introduced the principles of how to solve the energy and environmental problems through artificial photosynthesis.Based on these observations,it has discussed the perspective of using the principle of photosynthesis to collect solar energy by means of imitating the process of photosynthesis to produce clean and sustainable energy.