Progresses on Mechanisms on Reprogramming of Somatic Cells in Mammals

The slow and inefficient of reprogramming of somatic cells in mammals imposes limitations to mechanistic studies and potential clinical translation.The reprogramming progress involves the changes of cellular genes expression,understanding and controlling epigenetic modification is the key to successful reprogramming.Here,we reviewed progresses on epigenetic influences on gene expression,epigenetic control in dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation,the usage of chemical inhibitors and signaling molecules that could either enhance reprogramming efficiency or replace core reprogramming factors in order to benefit the elucidation of reprogramming of somatic cells and provide reference for the formation of pluripotent stem cells induced from differentiated somatic cells with only chemicals.