Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of posterior cranial fossa (PCF) hemangioblastoma(HB).Methods The clinical data of 23 PCF HB patients admitted to our hospital from January 1998~January 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.Results By MRI,solid tumors were found in 3 patients,1 of whom was given total resection,2 subtotal ectomy,and gamma knife radiosurgery was performed on residual tumor tissues,and cystic tumors were found in 20,who were given nodulectomy in onchocerciasis and the symptom of nervous system improved remarkably.Conclusion Diagnosis of HB depends mainly on MRI examination.Operation is the first choice and good prognosis can be achieved in cystic tumors.It is difficult to perform operation on solid tumors located in the brain stem.Using comprehensive treatment can enhance the effectiveness.