A portable bilayer microneedle patch for rapid and patient-friendly administration of rabies immunoglobulin and enhanced wound healing

testing using a rabies-infected mouse model demonstrated effective prevention of rabies and improved tissue repair following patch application. The patch's portability, stability, and efficacy make it ideal for emergency scenarios, offering reduced discomfort compared to traditional methods. This approach also broadens the potential applications of microneedles in emergency care and vaccination.