High output piezoelectric nanocomposite generators composed of oriented BaTiO3 NPs@PVDF

Piezoelectric nanocomposites (p-NC) composed of piezoelectric nanoparticles (NPs) and flexible polymer have emerged as outstanding applications for flexible nanogenerators (NGs). In this article, we proposed a p-NC NG by combining the barium titanate nanoparticles (BaTiO3 NPs) with the poly-vinylidene fluoride (PVDF). By a facile and scalable solvent evaporation process, the BaTiO3 NPs and PVDF composite (BaTiO3 NPs @ PVDF) films were fabricated. BaTiO3 NPs dispersed uniformly in the PVDF matrix and formed an oriented structure without aggregations. By using this special oriented BaTiO3 NPs @ PVDF composite film, the highest open-circuit voltage reaches 150 V, which is one of the most outstanding output performance in the lead-free piezoelectric field to date. The energy generated from the p-NC NG can light three light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs instantaneously without any storage unit.