Perspectives in liver redox imbalance: Toxicological and pharmacological aspects underlying iron overloading, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and thyroid hormone action

) administration determines liver preconditioning against ischemia-reperfusion injury due to the redox activation of several transcription factors, AMP-activated protein kinase, unfolded protein response and autophagy. High grade liver redox imbalance occurring in severe iron overload is adequately handled by iron chelation, however, that underlying NAFLD/NASH is currently under study in several Phase II and Phase III trials.