结晶
卤化物
光伏
钙钛矿(结构)
微晶
降水
化学工程
材料科学
太阳能电池
纳米技术
碘化物
制作
能量转换效率
Crystal(编程语言)
晶体生长
光伏系统
溶剂
化学
无机化学
光电子学
有机化学
计算机科学
结晶学
工程类
冶金
医学
生态学
替代医学
程序设计语言
病理
生物
物理
气象学
作者
Maria Konstantakou,Dorothea Perganti,Polycarpos Falaras,Θωμάς Στεργιόπουλος
出处
期刊:Crystals
[MDPI AG]
日期:2017-09-28
卷期号:7 (10): 291-291
被引量:149
摘要
Solution-processed organic-inorganic halide perovskites are currently established as the hottest area of interest in the world of photovoltaics, ensuring low manufacturing cost and high conversion efficiencies. Even though various fabrication/deposition approaches and device architectures have been tested, researchers quickly realized that the key for the excellent solar cell operation was the quality of the crystallization of the perovskite film, employed to assure efficient photogeneration of carriers, charge separation and transport of the separated carriers at the contacts. One of the most typical methods in chemistry to crystallize a material is anti-solvent precipitation. Indeed, this classical precipitation method worked really well for the growth of single crystals of perovskite. Fortunately, the method was also effective for the preparation of perovskite films by adopting an anti-solvent dripping technique during spin-coating the perovskite precursor solution on the substrate. With this, polycrystalline perovskite films with pure and stable crystal phases accompanied with excellent surface coverage were prepared, leading to highly reproducible efficiencies close to 22%. In this review, we discuss recent results on highly efficient solar cells, obtained by the anti-solvent dripping method, always in the presence of Lewis base adducts of lead(II) iodide. We present all the anti-solvents that can be used and what is the impact of them on device efficiencies. Finally, we analyze the critical challenges that currently limit the efficacy/reproducibility of this crystallization method and propose prospects for future directions.
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