The effect of cathepsin K inhibitor surface treatment on delayed tooth replantation in dogs

BACKGROUND/AIM: Continuous research efforts have been focusing on promoting healing of delayed replantation of avulsed teeth. The aim of this in vivo study was to assess the effect of cathepsin K inhibitor surface treatment on delayed tooth replantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-four premolar roots of 4 beagle dogs were extracted, and conventional root canal treatment was performed. The canals were filled with gutta-percha and cement. All extracted teeth were air-dried for 1 hour. Teeth were divided into 2 groups according to the root surface treatment prior to replantation: control (n = 13) and cathepsin K inhibitor (n = 21). Treated teeth were replanted in their original sockets and stabilized with a resin-wire splint for 1 week. After 12 weeks, the dogs were euthanized and micro-computed tomography was performed. Tissues were then further processed as resin-embedded specimens stained with hematoxylin and eosin. In each evaluation, data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test (P < .05). RESULTS: In the micro-computed tomography evaluation, inflammation scores of both groups were not statistically different (P > .05). In the histological evaluation, the mean proportions of inflammatory resorption and replacement resorption in the control group were similar to those in the cathepsin K inhibitor group (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Cathepsin K inhibitor did not demonstrate significant inhibitory effects on root resorption after delayed replantation in vivo.