过程(计算)
心理学
数学教育
标准化测试
项目反应理论
语言能力
教育评估
教育测试
评价方法
测试有效性
简单(哲学)
计算机科学
考试(生物学)
标准参照测验
心理测量学
教育学
真实性评价
替代性评估
教育测量
项目分析
教学方法
在线评估
项目评估
数据收集
语言评估
摘要
Abstract Unlike standardized testing applications of validity, teachers need a simple and efficient way to reflect on the accuracy of the claims based on student performance, then consider whether the uses of those claims are appropriate. A two‐phase reasoning process of validation, consisting of a proficiency claim /argument and a use/argument, is presented as a way for teachers to understand and apply the central tenets of validation to their classroom assessments. Since classroom assessment is contextualized with multiple purposes, each teacher is obligated to use validation for their situation. The accuracy of teachers’ conclusions about the proficiency claims, and uses, will depend on their skill in gathering supportive evidence and considering alternative explanations. Examples of the proposed classroom assessment validation process are presented.
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