A novel synthesis technology of a new fiber: poly{1,4-(2,5-dihydroxy)phenylene-2,6-benzobisimidazole}(PDPB) is developed and studied systematically.Effects of polymerization conditions were systematically studied in polymerization and spinning of PDPB,such as content of P2O5,raw material,reaction temperature and time.The experimental results showed that high intrinsic viscosity of PDPB resin prefiltration was obtained in the PPA solvent of 85% P2O5 by adding TAB·4HCl and 2,5-DHTA with 10% total concentration two monomer,which had some advantages such as simple procedure,safe operation,low cost.And the PDPB primary monofilament fiber had tensile strength of 1.8 GPa,the thermal decomposition temperature as high as 665.12 ℃ in maximum DTG,decomposition temperature 508.3 ℃ in air corresponding weightlessness of 10%.