Owing to excellent anti corrosion and non toxic properties,rare earth metal conversion catings on aluminum alloys are seen as an attractive alternative to chromates and show a considerable developing prospect.In this paper the progress and current situation in research of rare earth metal conversion coatings on aluminum alloys were presented from the technology,the coating composition,microstructure and morphology,the mechanism of coating formation and corrosion resistance.The wide application prospects of this surface treatment technique were exhibited and its future development was briefly prospected.