Middle Ear Actuator Performance Determined From Intracochlear Pressure Measurements in a Single Cochlear Scala

Hypothesis: Intracochlear pressure measurements in one cochlear scala are sufficient as reference to determine the output of an active middle ear implant (AMEI) in terms of “equivalent sound pressure level” (eqSPL). Background: The performance of AMEIs is commonly calculated from stapes velocities or intracochlear pressure differences (P Diff ). However, there are scenarios where measuring stapes velocities or P Diff may not be feasible, for example when access to the stapes or one of the scalae is impractical. Methods: We reanalyzed data from a previous study of our group that investigated the performance of an AMEI coupled to the incus in 10 human temporal bones. We calculated eqSPL based on stapes velocities according to the ASTM standard F2504-05 and based on intracochlear pressures in scala vestibuli, scala tympani, and P Diff . Results: The AMEI produced eqSPL of ∼100 to 120 dB at 1 V rms . No significant differences were found between using intracochlear pressures in scala vestibuli, scala tympani, or P Diff as a reference. The actuator performance calculated from stapes displacements predicted slightly higher eqSPLs at frequencies above 1000 Hz, but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our findings show that pressure measurements in one scala can be sufficient to evaluate the performance of an AMEI coupled to the incus. The method may be extended to other stimulation modalities of the middle ear or cochlea when access to the stapes or one of the scalae is not possible.