Modeling and Advanced Control of Dual-Active-Bridge DC–DC Converters: A Review

The article classifies, describes and critically compares different modeling techniques and control methods for dual active bridge (DAB) dc-dc converters and provides explicit guidance about DAB controller design to practicing engineers and researchers. Firstly, available modeling methods for DAB including reduced order model, generalized average model and discrete-time model are classified and quantitatively compared using simulation results. Based on this comparison, recommendations for suitable DAB modeling method are given. Then we comprehensively review the available control methods including feedback-only control, linearization control, feedforward plus feedback, disturbance-observer-based control, feedforward current control, model predictive current control, sliding mode control and moving discretized control set model predictive control. Frequency responses of the closed-loop control-to-output and output impedance are selected as the metrics of the ability in voltage tracking and the load disturbance rejection performance. The frequency response plots of closed-loop control-to-output transfer function and output impedance of each control method are theoretically derived or swept using simulation software PLECS and MATLAB. Based on these plots, remarks on each control method are drawn. Some practical control issues for DAB including dead time effect, phase drift and dc magnetic flux bias are also reviewed. This paper is accompanied by PLECS simulation files of the reviewed control methods.