This chapter contains sections titled: Metal-containing Polymers Use of Nitroxide-mediated Radical Polymerization Use of Atom-transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) Use of Reversible Addition Fragmentation Termination (RAFT) Polymerization Use of Living Cationic Polymerization Use of Living Anionic Polymerization Use of Metathesis Polymerization Indirect Sequential Polymerization Routes to Metal-containing Block Copolymers Routes to Metallo-linked Block Copolymers Routes to Metal-centered Star- and Star-block Copolymers Applications of Metal-containing Polymers with Precise Structures Polymers Based on Main Group Elements Conclusions and Outlook References