Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: A Comprehensive Review

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a global cardiovascular complication of diabetes, is characterized by concurrent diastolic and systolic ventricular dysfunction that progressively leads to heart failure, arrhythmias, and cardiogenic shock. Despite advancements in modern therapeutics, DCM continues to exhibit high mortality rates, underscoring the critical need for novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained prominence in DCM management due to its established safety profile and emerging evidence of clinical efficacy. Current research focuses on elucidating TCM's multitarget mechanisms, particularly its regulatory effects on metabolic homeostasis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory pathways-key pathological processes in DCM progression. This review systematically investigates the latest advancements in TCM for DCM management through 3 principal dimensions: First, it synthesizes the etiological understanding of DCM from both TCM theory and modern medical perspectives, highlighting their complementary mechanisms in disease pathogenesis. Second, it critically evaluates the therapeutic potential of clinically validated Chinese herbal agents, focusing on their bioactive compounds that target myocardial energy metabolism and oxidative stress pathways. Third, it systematically summarizes evidence-based TCM therapeutic strategies. By consolidating existing evidence, this review aims to provide a rigorous assessment of TCM's clinical value in DCM management, while proposing standardized frameworks to facilitate deeper integration of TCM principles with evidence-based cardiology practice.