A Roadmap to Precision Immunotherapy for Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer; yet many patients fail to achieve long-lasting benefit, partially because of incomplete or inconsistent biomarker predictions. Integrative multiomics, combining tumor-intrinsic, immune microenvironment, and systemic factors, offer a more comprehensive framework for precision immunotherapy, enabling improved patient stratification, treatment selection and outcomes.