Flexible epidermal wearable sensor for Athlete's sweat biomarkers monitoring

Wearable sweat sensors hold great promise for the monitoring of athletic sweat biomarkers that are reflective of physical status and the inimitable feature of wearable sensors to conduct dynamic sweat analysis in situ. However, the preparative methods of wearable patches for monitoring athlete's biomarkers are often complicated. Here, we demonstrate the first example of "sports lab-on-skin" as a fully integrated epidermal sweat sensor through simple laser engraving and laser cutting methods, which enables on-body and wirelessly measuring sweat Na