Privacy-preserving and verifiable IoT data aggregation scheme based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption

As an important step in the IoT workflow, IoT data aggregation transmits, filters, analyzes and synthesizes data collected by IoT devices such as sensors to help people make decisions and evaluate. However, the traditional IoT data aggregation model relies on a central data aggregator, such as a third-party cloud server, and uses traditional encryption technology to process data, which may face problems such as original data leakage and calculation errors, and it is difficult to ensure that data participants can safely participate in the aggregation. Due to its homomorphic characteristics and performance improvements in recent years, homomorphic encryption technology makes it possible to use homomorphic encryption technology to protect data privacy during data transmission and calculation. In addition, as a non-tamperable ledger technology, the blockchain can be used to store evidence, specifically to store the promises made by the commitment mechanism, and complete the verification of data consistency and correctness.