Trends in piezoelectric nanomaterials towards green energy scavenging nanodevices

Piezoelectric effect has been transformed by the introduction of green energy nanotechnology in the creation of electricity. Energy is harvested through the mechanical impacts of compression, tension, shear, bending, torsion, fatigue, etc. Piezotronics causes the interaction of piezoelectric and semiconducting behavior to regulate energy barriers at contact surfaces, which in turn controls charge carrier transport. Biomechanical energy from piezoelectric nanodevices powers implantable electronic devices without batteries. Piezoelectric nano interfaces based electric generators demonstrate the ability to exhibit self-powered development even with biowaste, eliminating the charging limitations of present batteries. The introduction of nanogenerators marks a deep change in the direction of microscale electric harvesting. Next-generation climate-neutral technologies can be attained by utilization of ubiquitous mechanical energy. This article provides a systematic summary of the latest developments in piezoelectric nanomaterials and sustainable nanodevices. Comprehensive discussion is provided on the structural engineering of piezoelectric nanogenerators at various scales, including fabrication, techniques, and output performance. The transition to green energy toward the net-zero objective is outlined in accordance with anticipated future energy needs for a sustainable society.