Repurposing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists for the treatment of depression: A systematic review of preclinical, observational and clinical investigations

GLP-1 RAs show promise as treatment for depression through multiple neuromodulatory mechanisms. While there is strong preclinical evidence, observational results are mixed, and clinical findings are still preliminary. There is a need for short and long-term studies to establish whether GLP-1 RAs are capable of treating and/or preventing depressive symptoms and episodes in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD).