Leucocoprinus fluminensis sp. nov. was collected on an Agaricales (Basidiomycota, Basidiomycetes) survey expedition, made in patches of Rain Forest at the Biological Reserve of Tinguá, surroundings of Nova Iguaçú, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, and described as a new species. A usual methodology for collection and identification of Agaricales mushrooms was applied. The new species is characterized by reddish-brown center pileus and weakly dextrinoid spores in Melzer’s reaction.Key words: Agaricaceae, Atlantic Rain Forest, Rio de Janeiro.