Dirac edge states as signature of two-dimensional altermagnetic topological crystalline phase

Two-dimensional (2D) metallic altermagnets present exciting opportunities for both fundamental research and practical innovations. Their ability to enhance tunneling magnetoresistance in magnetic tunnel junctions, combined with the direct control of spin currents via electric fields, makes them highly promising for spintronic devices. Moreover, the rich electronic structure of altermagnets can host nontrivial topological phases. In particular, topological crystalline insulators are compounds where the topological states are protected by both crystalline and time-reversal symmetries. Furthermore, manipulating the state of a system between topological and trivial phases through external parameters unlocks new possibilities for quantum materials and advanced electronics. We show the edge states of a 2D metallic compound that displays signatures of an underlying altermagnetic topological crystalline phase, using as a representative example Cr2BAl, a 2D MBene metallic altermagnet with a dx2−y2 altermagnetic ordering. We find that the system can host an altermagnetic phase with extremely large “weak ferrimagnetism” which is sizeable also with light atoms, only with an in-plane component of the Néel vector. The electronic structure of Cr2BAl presents multiple crossings in the vicinity of the Fermi level along [100]- and [010]-directions. When the spin–orbit coupling interaction is included, with the Néel vector along [001]-direction, this results in a pronounced peak in the spin Hall conductivity. The simulated Cr–B terminated [100] edge-projected band structure reveals Dirac dispersions at the bulk crossings, which are absent in Cr–Al terminations.