Associations between frailty trajectories with multidimensional health outcomes among older cancer survivors: A nationally representative cohort study

More than two-thirds of cancer survivors are aged ≥65 years, and this proportion will increase continually with the process of global aging [1]. Older cancer survivors experience a higher risk of frailty compared to general older adults owing to additional stressors of physiological impairment from cancer itself and related treatment [2]. Previous evidence has shown the incidence of frailty in older cancer survivors to be 23.8% [3]. Increasing research suggests that frailty is associated with adverse multidimensional health outcomes in domains including disability, anxiety or depression, cognitive decline, and health-related quality of life deterioration.