A review of current treatments for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome under the UPOINTS system

Abstract Prostatitis is classified into four categories according to the National Institutes of Health Consensus Classification. The largest category, Category III chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), has a wide range of symptoms and is difficult to diagnose because diagnosis is based on exclusion. Although many treatment modalities, including both pharmacological and non‐pharmacological treatments, have been tried, definitive treatment methods have not yet been established, and many urologists struggle with the daily treatment of these conditions. The reasons for the failure of treatment are not only the wide variety of symptoms, but also the wide variety of causes. Therefore, the UPOINTS system is widely used, in which treatment methods are divided or combined according to symptoms and causes. This article summarizes the reports on treatment and reviews treatment findings for CP/CPPS in accordance with the UPOINTS system.