Vapor transport deposition of metal-halide perovskites solar cells

We demonstrate efficient solar cells based on an active layer of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) co-deposited via vapor transport deposition (VTD). In VTD organic and metal-halide precursor vapors are transported by carrier gas to a cooled substrate where film formation occurs. Our system design enables control over a range of process parameters allowing co-deposition and composition tuning of the final perovskite film. The impact of VTD processing conditions on film composition and solar cell performance will be discussed, with emphasis on tuning the lead iodide content in MAPbI3 films to realize power conversion efficiencies >10%.